yoga, samadhi is believed to be the state in which Jeevathma and Paramathma (human and universal consciousness) unites. It is a blissful form of absolute meditative immersion, achieved as soon as the practitioner has passed through the preliminary steps of Patanjal’s eight-fold course. The philosophical meaning of Samadhi is profound, as it includes self-realization and symbolizes the eternal bond with the Divine.
2.Niyamas
Niyamas are all practices that may be called internal observances. They are a means to adapt the ethical codes of yoga to the student’s own mind, body and soul, helping to create a healthy atmosphere internally. Practicing niyamas is said to give the yogi the inner strength, insight and discipline that he/she needs in order to make progress on his/her spiritual path.
The five niyamas are
Saucha: purification, and peace of mind, contact and physical body.
Santosha: contentment and appreciation of the world, of oneself and of situations precisely as they are.
Tapas: asceticism or extreme self-discipline and willpower, often in pain. Svadhyaha: self-study and self-reflection exercise. This may include the use of scriptures or religious texts as a medium for introspection.
Ishvara Pranidhan: submission to and contemplation to the Sacred or Ultimate Being.
3.Asana
Asana is historically described as a sitting posture used for meditation. It is now the most common component of yoga, and is known to be only one small part of the yoga practice as a whole. Asana practice is considered necessary as it helps to keep the body safe. Since the body is the vessel for the soul, the maintenance of the human body is essential to the creation of the spirit. Asana postures help improve endurance and strength while enhancing the body’s physiological processes, such as circulatory, immune, digestive and nervous systems. Regular asana practice will establish mindfulness, discipline and concentration, training the mind for pranayama and meditation. On a subtle level, asana can help relax the energetic body by opening the chakras and the nadis to facilitate the free flow of prana.
4.Pranayama
Pranayama is a common technique performed in ancient Indian civilizations. Its goal is to create balance between body, mind, and spiritual well being thereby aids sequential movement from massive to subtle, from Annamaya kosha to Pranamaya kosha.
5.Pratyahara
Pratyahara relates to Withdrawal of the senses as a way of regulating the energy of essential life force.It helps the practitioner to interact with his inner world, providing the ideal conditions for self-realization.
6.Dharana
Dharana is a concentration of the mind. Practicing dharana means focusing the mind on a single entity—either an external object (such as an image or a deity) or an internal object (such as a chakra). It trains the mind to stay calm and to improve mental power.
7.Dhyana
Dhyana is a meditation activity that involves intense mental focus. This deeper focus of mind is an instrument of self-knowledge in which one can distinguish perception from reality and finally achieve the ultimate objective of yoga: samadhi (bliss, or union with the source).
8.Samadhi
In yoga, samadhi is believed to be the state in which Jeevathma and Paramathma (human and universal consciousness) unites. It is a blissful form of absolute meditative immersion, achieved as soon as the practitioner has passed through the preliminary steps of Patanjal’s eight-fold course. The philosophical meaning of Samadhi is profound, as it includes self-realization and symbolizes the eternal bond with the Divine.